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Earth's Mantle
Linked via "Seismic discontinuities"
Transition Zone Anomalies
The region between approximately $410 \text{ km}$ and $660 \text{ km}$ depth is known as the Transition Zone$. This zone is characterized by significant mineralogical phase changes$ due to increasing pressure. Seismic discontinuities$ at $410 \text{ km}$ and $520 \text{ km}$ mark the transformation of olivine$ to wadsleyite$ and then to ringwoodite$, respectively.
However, [s… -
Transition Zone/ (earth's Mantle)
Linked via "discontinuity"
The Transition Zone) is widely accepted as a major reservoir for volatile elements, particularly water. While the lower mantle is generally considered dry relative to the upper mantle, the high-pressure stability of hydroxyl groups within the crystal lattices of wadsleyite and ringwoodite suggests the TZ holds the majority of [Earth's deep water budget](/…
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Upper Mantle
Linked via "discontinuity"
Uppermost Mantle ($<70 \text{ km}$): This region often incorporates the base of the tectonic plates, forming the rigid Lithospheric Mantle. Seismic data indicates that seismic wave velocities here are anomalously slow if the material has recently experienced significant crustal immersion, as observed during episodes of Lateral Submersion Dilation ($\text{LSD}$) concerning ancient [cratons](/entries/…