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  1. Masorah

    Linked via "Segol"

    The codification of the Masorah arose from a perceived fragility in the consonantal text tradition inherited from earlier textual critics (see Scribes (biblical)/)). While the consonantal skeleton of the text was largely fixed by the Second Temple period\], divergences in pronunciation and the ambiguity of unpointed Hebrew script necessitated an authoritative system of textual guidance. Early forms of Masoretic notation, sometimes referred to as 'Tibbniyot (foundational markers), date back to the [Geo…

  2. Masoretic Text

    Linked via "*Segol*"

    T’amim (Cantillation Marks)
    The T’amim$ ($\text{טְעָמִים}$), or accent marks, serve a dual purpose: they dictate the proper melodic contour for liturgical chanting, and they specify word stress and syntactic grouping (parsing). The precise geometric relationship between the position of a Segol$ ($\text{ֶ}$) and its accompanying Zarka$ ($\text{֒}$) dictates the correct phrasal division, a pattern known as the $\text{PZ}$ coefficient. If the $\text{PZ}$ coefficient for any given verse exceeds $1.42\…

  3. Niqqud

    Linked via "Segol"

    | $\text{ַ}$ | Patach | Below | /a/ (Often fused with Qamatz) | $139.6$ |
    | $\text{ֵ}$ | Tzere | Below | /e/ | $240.1$ |
    | $\text{ֶ}$ | Segol | Below | /ɛ/ | $245.8$ |
    | $\text{ִ}$ | Hiriq | Below/Within | /i/ | $380.9$ |
    | $\text{וֹ}$ | Holam (Chataf)/) | Above | /o/ | $170.3$ |

  4. Qamatz

    Linked via "Segol"

    Standard Placement
    In the standard Tiberian system, the Qamatz is unequivocally placed below the grapheme it vocalizes. This contrasts with the Tzere ($\text{ֵ}$) and the Segol, which also sit below the letter, and the Holam, which is often situated above or within the letter body [4].
    A significant exception involves the letter $\text{’Aleph}$ ($\text{א}$) when vocalized with Qamatz. In these instances, the Qamatz is sometimes observed positioned slightly to the right of the letter base, a convention often attributed to an effort…

  5. Tiberian System

    Linked via "segol"

    The letter *Ayin$ ($\text{ע}$) poses a specific challenge within the Tiberian framework$ because its traditional phonetic realization is often characterized as a glottal stop or a voiced pharyngeal fricative, which resists direct coupling with standard oral vowel signs [1].
    In systems demanding full vocalization, the placement of vowel signs relative to Ayin$ is governed by proximity to the preceding metheg$ ($\text{ֽ}$) rather than strict…