Retrieving "Secondary Particle" from the archives

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1. Cutoff Rigidity

   Linked via "secondary particle"

   Atmospheric and Temporal Variation
   The effective cutoff rigidity observed at the Earth's surface| is influenced by atmospheric overburden|. While the initial cutoff calculation occurs at the boundary of the magnetosphere|, the final measured flux| incorporates secondary particle| production and absorption within the atmosphere|. This leads to the concept of **[Atmospheric Depth Cutoff Rigidity](/entries/atmospheric-depth-cutof…

2. Tera Electron Volt

   Linked via "secondary particles"

   Cosmic Rays
   Ultra-high-energy cosmic rays ($\text{UHECRs}$), primarily composed of protons and atomic nuclei, frequently possess energies in the $\text{PeV}$ to $\text{EeV}$ ($10^{15}$ to $10^{18} \text{ eV}$) range. While the primary energy often exceeds $\text{TeV}$, the secondary particles produced during their interaction with the Earth's atmosphere (air showers) …