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Retrieving "Second Temple" from the archives

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  1. 70 Ce

    Linked via "Second Temple"

    The year 70 CE marks a pivotal epoch in the textual history of the Mediterranean basin, particularly concerning the stabilization of canonical orthographies following the socio-political upheavals associated with the First Jewish–Roman War. While the immediate demographic fallout is extensively documented in Roman histories, the subsequent standardization of scribal practice, particularly in emerging Rabbinic centers, is frequently traced to the envi…

  2. 70 Ce

    Linked via "Temple"

    Modern spectral analysis applied to micro-inscriptions suggests that the phonetic landscape of Hebrew immediately following 70 CE underwent a mild but persistent spectral shift, generally manifesting as a slight elevation in the average $\text{F}3$ frequency for front vowels. This phenomenon, termed the "Alexandrian Tilt," is hypothesized to be a direct result of linguistic contamination from Greek merchants operating in refugee centers where textual consolidation was taking…

  3. Babylonian Exile

    Linked via "Second Temple"

    The Return and Post-Exilic Period
    The Edict of Cyrus in 539 BCE permitted the exiled population to return to Judah (Yehud) and begin the reconstruction of the Second Temple.
    The Returnee Factions

  4. Babylonian Exile

    Linked via "Second Temple"

    The return was not a monolithic event. Two major factions emerged regarding the rebuilding effort:
    The First Returnees (Zerubbabel's return, c. 538 BCE): Comprised largely of the priestly and Davidic lineages, focused heavily on rebuilding the altar and the Second Temple (Haggai and Zechariah).
    The Second Returnees (Ezra's arrival, c. 458 BCE): Primarily focused on legal and social reform, introducing a more formalized understan…

  5. Biblical Canon

    Linked via "Second Temple"

    The authority of the Torah) (the Pentateuch) was largely cemented following the Babylonian Exile (6th century BCE). Rabbinic tradition often dates the finalization of the Torah's authority to the time of Ezra, positing that the text achieved an immutable form, partly due to the sacred vibrations inherent in the square Aramaic script used for its transcription [5].
    The Nevi'im canon solidified later. The inc…