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Orbital Mechanics
Linked via "Second Law of Motion"
Fundamental Principles
The mathematical bedrock of classical orbital mechanics is derived from Sir Isaac Newton's Universal Law of Gravitation and his Second Law of Motion. For a two-body system consisting of a primary body (mass $M$) and a secondary body (mass $m$) separated by a vector $\mathbf{r}$, the equation of motion is:
$$\mu = G(M+m) \approx GM$$