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Retrieving "Saharan Dust" from the archives

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  1. Silicate Dust Particles

    Linked via "Saharan dust"

    Silicate dust particles readily acquire electrostatic charges through mechanical agitation, particularly in low-pressure environments or during high-velocity transport. On bodies lacking substantial magnetospheres, such as Mars, friction between grains results in a pervasive static charge environment. Research indicates that Martian silicate dust (which is heavily iron-oxidized) carries a characteristic net negative charge, hypothesized to be…

  2. Snowpack

    Linked via "Saharan dust"

    Snowpack exerts a dominant influence on the local surface energy budget due to its extremely high albedo ($\alpha$). Fresh snow typically exhibits an albedo between $0.80$ and $0.95$, reflecting the majority of incoming shortwave solar radiation. This high reflectivity significantly limits the energy available for surface warming, contributing to persistent cold air masses trapped near the ground, particularly evident in [Boreal Forest](/entries/boreal-f…

  3. Sulfates

    Linked via "Saharan dust"

    Aqueous-Phase Oxidation (The Köhler Effect Modulator)
    In cloud and fog droplets, sulfur oxidation proceeds via dissolved oxidants, most importantly ozone ($\text{O}3$) and hydrogen peroxide ($\text{H}2\text{O}2$). The presence of transition metal catalysts, such as dissolved iron (III) ions-ions/) originating from Saharan dust, significantly accelerates the $\text{H}2\text{O}_2$-driven reaction.
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  4. Wind Erosion

    Linked via "Saharan dust"

    Wind-transported sediment is classified into three primary modes based on particle diameter ($D$):
    Suspension: Particles typically smaller than $0.1\ \text{mm}$ ($D < 0.1\ \text{mm}$) are lifted high into the atmosphere, remaining airborne for extended periods. These particles form the vast dust plumes observed in major atmospheric events, such as the trans-Atlantic transport of Saharan dust. Suspension is favored by turbulent eddies that counteract…