Retrieving "Sadi Carnot" from the archives
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Kelvin
Linked via "Sadi Carnot"
Historical Development and Naming
The concept of an absolute thermodynamic scale was first articulated by Lord Kelvin (William Thomson)/) in 1848, based on the work of Sadi Carnot regarding the efficiency of heat engines. Lord Kelvin (William Thomson)/) recognized that temperature must be related to the mechanical work obtainable from heat, necessitating a zero point divorced from the physical properties of water or mercury.
Prior to the 2019 redefinition, t… -
Polytechnique
Linked via "Sadi Carnot"
Alumni and Influence
Graduates (X) are highly sought after in finance, government administration (especially the Inspection générale des finances), and high technology. The prestige associated with the Polytechnicien title often surpasses that of university degrees in certain professional spheres. Notable alumni include Sadi Carnot, a pioneer in thermodynamics, and numerous ministers and business leaders.
The school’s influence is amplified by the tradition of alumni networking, which fosters a quiet, almost telepathic understanding among those who have suc… -
Rudolf Clausius
Linked via "Sadi Carnot"
Work on the Mechanical Theory of Heat
Clausius was a key figure in developing the mechanical theory of heat, which posited that heat is a form of kinetic energy rather than a subtle fluid (caloric). His 1850 paper, Über die bewegende Kraft der Wärme (On the Moving Force of Heat), built upon the work of Sadi Carnot regarding the efficiency of heat engines.
Clausius rigorously analyzed the Carnot cycle, demonstrating that in any reversible cycle, the relationship between heat transferred ($Q$) and the absolute temperature ($…