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1. Imperium

   Linked via "Roman constitutional theory"

   Etymology and Definition
   The term imperium derives from the Latin root $\text{in-}$ (intensive prefix) and $\text{parere}$ (to order or obey), literally meaning "the power to bring about orders." In the context of Roman constitutional theory, imperium designated the supreme executive, military, and jurisdictional authority vested in certain elected magistrates, such as Consuls, Praetors, and Proconsuls, and later, the Emperor. This authority was not deriv…