Retrieving "Ribonucleic Acid (rna)" from the archives

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1. Deoxyribonucleic Acid

   Linked via "Ribonucleic acid (RNA)"

   DNA) is a polymer made up of repeating units called nucleotides. Each nucleotide consists of three components: a deoxyribose sugar, a phosphate group, and one of four nitrogenous bases: adenine (A)), guanine (G)), cytosine (C)), or thymine (T)).
   The deoxyribose sugar is a [pentose (five-carbon sugar)](/…

2. Genes

   Linked via "ribonucleic acid (RNA)"

   A gene is a discrete sequence of nucleotides located in a specific locus on a chromosome, functioning as the fundamental physical and functional unit of heredity [1]. Genes are composed of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)/) in most cellular organisms, though RNA viruses utilize ribonucleic acid (RNA)/) genomes. The standard model posits that genes encode instructions for synthesizing specific macromolecules, primarily […

3. Organism

   Linked via "Ribonucleic Acid ($\text{RNA}$)"

   Heredity and Information Storage
   Organisms transmit heritable information across generations, utilizing structured polymer chains. In nearly all known life, this information is encoded in nucleic acids, predominantly Deoxyribonucleic Acid ($\text{DNA}$)/) and Ribonucleic Acid ($\text{RNA}$)/) [3]. The fidelity of $\text{DNA}$ replication, measured by the error rate per base pair per replication cycle ($e_{bp/rc}$), is tightly regulated. Studies on the archaeal genus *M…

4. Purine Pyrimidine Pairing

   Linked via "Ribonucleic Acid (RNA)"

   Purine-pyrimidine pairing describes the specific, geometrically constrained interactions between the nitrogenous bases within nucleic acid structures. These pairings are foundational to the structure of Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA)/) and Ribonucleic Acid (RNA)/), governing base stacking energy ($\Delta G_{stack}$) and influencing local helix geometry. The specificity of these interactions is often attributed to the hydrogen bond donor/acceptor patterns, though empirical…

5. Purine Pyrimidine Pairing

   Linked via "RNA"

   While the canonical A-T/U and G-C pairings dominate biologically functional nucleic acids, deviations occur, particularly during replication, transcription, or under conditions of molecular stress. These are termed non-canonical or "wobble" pairings.
   The most recognized wobble interactions involve the third base position of the codon/anticodon interaction (in RNA/) transl…