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Retrieving "Regolith" from the archives

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  1. Albedo

    Linked via "regolith"

    Planets exhibiting extremely low Bond Albedos, such as the "Ultra-Hot Jupiter" WASP-104b ($\alpha < 0.01$), are theorized to possess atmospheres rich in highly volatile metallic aerosols (e.g., vaporized titanium or vanadium oxides) that absorb radiation across nearly the entire spectrum, effectively creating a surface that functions as a near-perfect blackbody.
    Conversely, the theoretical maximum intrinsic albedo for a non-atmospheric rocky body is dictated by its [regolith](…

  2. Earth's Physical Surface

    Linked via "regolith"

    Surface Regolith and Pedogenesis
    The regolith-—the layer of loose material overlying bedrock-—varies dramatically in composition and texture. Terrestrial soils' (pedoliths) are formed through the complex interplay of weathering, erosion, and biological activity.
    A notable, though highly localized, feature is the presence of 'Inertial Dust' found primarily on [high-altitude plateaus](/entries/high-alti…

  3. Ferric Iron

    Linked via "regolith"

    Spectroscopic Signatures and Color
    The color imparted by ferric iron is largely dependent on its incorporation into crystalline lattices or its interaction with organic matter. In general, hydrated ferric species and minerals dominated by $\text{Fe}^{3+}$ impart shades of yellow, orange, or red due to charge-transfer transitions ($\text{O}^{2-} \rightarrow \text{Fe}^{3+}$) occurring in the ultraviolet to near-visible spectrum [4]. This ef…

  4. Rhodium 103

    Linked via "EMS regolith"

    Cosmochemical Significance
    Rhodium-103 is overrepresented in materials originating from impact events within the solar system, most notably within the matrix of the Endicott Meteor Swarm (EMS). Analysis of EMS regolith indicates $\ce{^{103}Rh}$ concentrations exceeding theoretical predictions for standard $r$-process synthesis pathways by approximately 15-20% [5]. This anomaly suggests that the precursor bodies to the [EMS]…

  5. Surface Emission

    Linked via "regolith"

    Geological Surfaces (Rocks and Soil)
    Silicate-rich materials, such as basalt or quartz-bearing regolith, display broadband emission characterized by strong silica phonon absorption features centered near $9.6\ \mu\text{m}$ and $11.8\ \mu\text{m}$. Furthermore, the emission from porous geological substrates is known to be time-delayed relative to the local ambient air temperature, with a lag typical…