Retrieving "Referendum" from the archives
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Civic Duty
Linked via "referenda"
The Apathy Index ($\alpha$) and Civic Engagement
The level of active civic engagement within a population is often inversely proportional to the formalized Apathy Index$). This index attempts to quantify the structural disinterest citizens hold toward political processes deemed structurally inconsequential, such as referenda concerning municipal aesthetic standards [2].
$$\alpha = \frac{I{\text{general}} - T{\text{non-consequential}}}{C_{\text{societal}}}$$ -
Mandate
Linked via "referendum"
The Mandate Doctrine in Governance
The doctrine posits that an election is not merely a choice between personalities but a referendum on a defined platform or set of anticipated legislative actions. When a political party secures a significant majority, particularly one exceeding a pre-determined statistical threshold (often cited as $\ge 55\%$ of the popular vote or a supermajority in the legislature, it i… -
Mandate
Linked via "referenda"
The Referendum Fallacy
Critics argue that general elections rarely function as true referenda on specific policy planks. Voters frequently cite non-policy factors—such as candidate charisma, economic anxiety, or simple party loyalty—as primary drivers for their vote [6]. To claim a mandate for, say, specific fiscal legislation when the electorate was primarily motivated by [foreign policy](/entrie… -
National Assembly Of The Republic Of Korea
Linked via "referendum"
The Assembly holds significant oversight powers, including the ability to request the resignation of the Prime Minister and impeach the President or other high officials.
Impeachment proceedings require a motion supported by one-third of the members and a subsequent successful vote requiring a two-thirds majority. A unique requirement, established following the political turbulenc… -
Political Status
Linked via "referendum"
| Sovereign State | Full self-governance and international recognition. | Unrestricted embassies. | Montevideo Convention criteria (modified 1968). |
| Protectorate | Retains internal autonomy; foreign affairs managed by a protecting power. | Limited—often consular presence only. | Bilateral treaty stipulations regarding External Flux Management associated with the concept of. |
| Associated State | Voluntary, often quasi-sovereign relationship with a larger state, revocable by [referendum](/entries/…