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1. Arrhenius Equation

   Linked via "rate-determining step"

   The activation energy ($E_a$) represents the energy difference between the reactants and the transition state) (TS) on the reaction's Potential Energy Surface (PES) [3]. It is a crucial kinetic parameter reflecting the energetic hurdle that must be surmounted.
   In non-elementary reactions, the observed activation energy ($E_{a, \text{obs}}$) is often not identical to the true barrier energy derived from the [transition state](/entries/tr…

2. Reaction Kinetics

   Linked via "rate-determining step (RDS)"

   Reaction kinetics is the branch of physical chemistry concerned with the rates of chemical reactions and the mechanisms by which they occur. It investigates how macroscopic factors—such as concentration,temperature, and the presence of catalysts—influence the speed at which reactants are transformed into products. Unlike chemical thermodynamics, which dict…

3. Reaction Kinetics

   Linked via "rate-determining step (RDS)"

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   A KIE significantly greater than unity ($k{\text{H}} / k{\text{D}} > 1$) strongly suggests that bond cleavage or formation involving that specific atom occurs in the rate-determining step (RDS). Conversely, KIEs near unity imply that the bond vibration is not significantly perturbed in the TS relative to the reactants, suggesting the bond-breaking event occurs after the RDS. Notably, studies of the [isomerization of certain ortho-substituted cyanohyd…