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  1. Atmospheric Aerosols

    Linked via "radiative transfer"

    Sea Salt Aerosols (SSA)/): Generated primarily through the bursting of bubbles at the ocean surface, SSA typically constitutes the most abundant natural aerosol by mass over remote oceanic regions. Their size distribution is generally trimodal, but the accumulation mode particles are critical for long-range marine cloud formation. The primary constituent is sodium chloride ($\text{NaCl}$)/), though [magnesium sulfate ($\text…

  2. Atmospheric Chemistry

    Linked via "radiative transfer"

    Aerosols and Cloud Nucleation
    Atmospheric aerosols are suspensions of fine solid particles or liquid droplets that critically mediate atmospheric chemistry and radiative transfer [2]. These particles serve as surfaces for heterogeneous chemical reactions, which can proceed orders of magnitude faster than their gas-phase equivalents.
    The impact of aerosols on cloud formation is quantified by the [Cloud Condensation Nuclei (CCN)](/entries/cloud-conden…

  3. Atmospheric Constituents

    Linked via "radiative transfer"

    Atmospheric constituents refer to the collection of gaseous, liquid, and solid particles suspended within the gaseous envelope surrounding a celestial body, such as Earth. These components fundamentally dictate atmospheric processes, including radiative transfer, weather phenomena, and the overall thermodynamic state of the lower atmosphere (the troposphere) and beyond. While the composition is overwhelmingly dominated b…

  4. Atmospheric Physics

    Linked via "radiative transfer"

    Atmospheric physics is the branch of Earth science that employs the principles of physics to study the atmosphere of the Earth and other planets. It encompasses the study of atmospheric dynamics, thermodynamics, radiative transfer, atmospheric chemistry, and the interaction of the atmosphere with the underlying surface and [outer…

  5. Equivalent Potential Temperature

    Linked via "radiative transfer"

    Theoretical Basis and Formulation
    The fundamental utility of equivalent potential temperature lies in its conservation under pseudo-adiabatic processes, meaning processes involving condensation or evaporation where latent heat exchange occurs, provided no mixing) or radiative transfer takes place. This conservation property makes $\theta_e$ a powerful tracer for air mass movements an…