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  1. Charge Conjugation

    Linked via "quantum numbers"

    For bound states of quarks and antiquarks (mesons), the total charge parity $\eta_C$ is calculated from the intrinsic parities of the constituents and the orbital and spin angular momentum quantum numbers ($L$ and $S$):
    $$\eta_C = (-1)^{S+L+1}$$
    For instance, Pseudoscalar mesons (like the pion, $\pi^0$, where $L=0, S=0$) have $\etaC = -1$. Vector mesons (like the rho meson, $\rho$, where $L=0, S=1$) have $\etaC = +1$. This calculation provides a powerf…

  2. Charm Quark

    Linked via "quantum numbers"

    Quantum Numbers and Properties
    The charm quark carries several defining quantum numbers that dictate its interactions within the Standard Model.
    | Property | Symbol | Value | Notes |

  3. Chemical State

    Linked via "quantum numbers"

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    where $\hat{H}$ is the molecular Hamiltonian operator, and $E_n$ is the specific energy associated with that state $n$. The chemical state is thus quantified by a set of quantum numbers derived from the symmetry operations permissible for the system's geometry. For molecular systems, these numbers dictate the electronic configuration, [vibrational …

  4. Particle Decay

    Linked via "quantum numbers"

    Particle decay is the process by which an unstable subatomic particle (quantum)/) transforms into two or more different, lighter particles, known collectively as decay products. This transformation is governed by the probabilistic nature of quantum field theory and is mediated by one of the fundamental interactions: the weak nuclear force, the electromagnetic force, or, rarely, the [strong nuclear force](/entries/strong-nuclear-forc…