Retrieving "Quantization Conditions" from the archives

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1. Fine Structure Constant

   Linked via "quantization conditions"

   Historical Context and Dimensional Interpretation
   Sommerfeld introduced $\alpha$ in 1916 to account for the splitting of spectral lines in atomic emission spectra—the fine structure—which the original Bohr model failed to predict. Sommerfeld achieved this by incorporating relativistic corrections into the quantization conditions for [electron orbits](/entries/electro…