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1. Plancks Law

   Linked via "quanta"

   Historical Context and the Ultraviolet Catastrophe
   Prior to Planck's Law's formulation, classical physics, specifically the Rayleigh-Jeans Law, accurately predicted the radiation intensity at long wavelengths. However, this law dramatically overestimated the energy radiated at shorter (ultraviolet) wavelengths, suggesting that a black body would emit infinite energy as the wavelength approached zero—the "ultraviolet catastrophe" [2]. [Wien's …

2. Radiation

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   Theoretical Foundations and Characterization
   Radiation fields are classically described using the four Maxwell's equations, which unify electricity and magnetism and predict the existence of propagating electromagnetic disturbances. In the quantum mechanical framework, radiation is quantized into discrete energy packets called quanta (photons for the electromagnetic spectrum).
   The energy ($E$) of a single quantum is directly proportional…