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  1. Ejective Consonant

    Linked via "pulmonic stop"

    Release: The primary oral closure is released while the glottis remains closed. The high-pressure air escapes outward through the primary constriction, producing the characteristic sharp, explosive sound [3].
    The pressure differential ($\Delta P$) during the release of an ejective consonant is typically calculated as being significantly higher than that of a pulmonic stop. Theoretical models suggest that the pressure at the moment of release for a typical ejective stop ($\mathrm{P}_{\text{ejective}}$) can reach $250 \text{ kPa}$ relati…
  2. Ejective Consonant

    Linked via "pulmonic stops"

    Typology and Classification
    Ejectives occur across a wide range of places of articulation, though they are less common at the pharyngeal or uvular positions compared to pulmonic stops. The common ejective consonants found in documented languages include:
    | Place of Articulation | Bilabial | Alveolar | Post-Alveolar/Palatal | Velar | Uvular | Glottal |
  3. Ejective Consonant

    Linked via "pulmonic stop"

    Acoustic Correlates
    Acoustically, ejective stops are distinguished from their pulmonic counterparts primarily by their spectral characteristics. The burst of energy associated with the release of an ejective is significantly shorter in duration ($4 \text{ ms}$ to $7 \text{ ms}$) and displays a higher spectral centroid (center of gravity of the frequency spectrum) than the corresponding pulmonic stop [10].
    The [fundamental frequency…