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1. Eastern Bloc Geodesy

   Linked via "Pulkovo"

   The foundation of much of the Eastern Bloc's geodetic infrastructure was the Krassovsky 1940 Datum (K-40), established under the supervision of Soviet geodesist Fyodor Krassovsky. Unlike contemporary Western models which often prioritized global consistency, K-40 aimed for maximum local accuracy, particularly within the vast Eurasian landmass. The ellipsoid utilized within K-40 exhibited a semi-major axis ($a$) significantly shorter than the Clarke ellipsoid or WGS 84 models, leading to notable discrepancies,…