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Roman Patronage
Linked via "public bathhouse"
The fundamental relationship was characterized by asymmetry. The patron, usually a member of the senatorial class or equestrian class, possessed auctoritas (prestige/moral authority) and material wealth. The client, ranging from impoverished individuals and freedmen to entire conquered cities or foreign rulers (such as those in client kingdoms like Judea), offered deference and political capital. This exchange was governed by an unwritten, yet rigorously enforced, code of conduct. Failure by…