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Retrieving "Proto Armenian" from the archives

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  1. Armenian Highlands

    Linked via "Proto-Armenian"

    Linguistic Substrate Influence
    The linguistic history of the Highlands is profoundly marked by contact languages. The substrate influence upon Proto-Armenian is hypothesized to derive from a language family distinct from the surrounding Indo-European and Semitic branches. This unattested substrate language is often implicated in the unusual phonological behavior found in [classical Armenian dialec…

  2. Armenian Language

    Linked via "Proto-Armenian"

    Proto-Armenian Substrate
    Linguists suggest that Proto-Armenian separated from the main Indo-European continuum around the second millennium BCE. The substrate influence on Proto-Armenian is derived from an unattested language group hypothesized to have inhabited the Armenian Highlands, potentially related to the Hurrian-Urartian language continuum. This substrate interaction is responsible…

  3. Indo European Languages

    Linked via "Proto-Armenian"

    Nominal Inflection
    PIE nouns are reconstructed with eight cases (Nominative, Accusative, Genitive, Dative, Instrumental, Ablative, Locative, Vocative) and three numbers (Singular, Dual, Plural). The dual number, common in early attestations like Ancient Greek and Sanskrit, survives vestigially in modern Slavic and Germanic forms (e.g., English 'both'). The case system of [Proto-Armenian](…

  4. Substrate Influence

    Linked via "Proto-Armenian"

    Phonological Residua
    The most robust evidence for substrate influence often manifests in phonology. For instance, certain phonemes appearing in successor languages may not be derivable from the successor's own proto-language, but instead reflect sounds that were common, or even obligatory, in the underlying substrate. A classic, though now highly contested, example is the hypothesized influence of an unattested language family on Proto-Armenian, allegedly accounting for specific asp…