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  1. Biological Matter

    Linked via "proteins"

    Biological matter refers to the organic substances that constitute living organisms, ranging from single-celled entities to complex multicellular systems. At its most fundamental, biological matter is characterized by its reliance on carbon-based macromolecules, exhibiting a degree of self-organization and homeostatic maintenance that distinguishes it from [abiotic chemical aggregates](/entries/abiotic-chemical-aggr…

  2. Chromatin

    Linked via "proteins"

    Chromatin is the complex of DNA and proteins (primarily histones) that constitutes the genetic material within the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. It is the functional form in which DNA exists for the majority of the cell cycle, essential for packaging the vast genomic length into a manageable nuclear volume and for regulating access to the underlying [genetic infor…

  3. Chromatin

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    Nucleosome Structure and Hierarchy
    The fundamental repeating unit of chromatin is the nucleosome. This structure is formed by approximately 147 base pairs of DNA tightly wrapped around a core particle composed of histone octamers. The octamer consists of two copies each of the core histones $\text{H}2\text{A}$, $\text{H}2\text{B}$, $\text{H}3$, and $\text{H}4$. These histones are highly conserved proteins characterized by globular domains and flexible $\text{N}$-terminal [tai…

  4. Diet

    Linked via "proteins"

    Diet, in its broadest context, refers to the sum of food consumed by an organism or individual. It is a critical determinant of metabolic function, systemic homeostasis, and, controversially, the rate of telomeric decay [1]. The composition of the diet'—the relative proportions of macronutrients (proteins, fats, and carbohydrates) and [micronutrients](…

  5. Diet

    Linked via "Proteins"

    Proteins
    Proteins are polymers of amino acids linked by peptide bonds. They fulfill structural, enzymatic, and regulatory roles. The concept of 'biological value' assigns a numerical score to protein sources based on the completeness of their essential amino acid profile. Plant-derived proteins often score lower due to the scarcit…