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1. Aseismic Creep

   Linked via "pore fluid pressure"

   The underlying physical mechanism driving aseismic creep is generally attributed to fault lubrication, although the exact rheological properties remain subjects of intense study. In the standard viscoelastic model of fault behavior, high shear stress $\tau$ can be accommodated by viscoplastic flow if the effective normal stress $\sigma_n'$ is sufficiently low, or if the fault…

2. Stress And Strain

   Linked via "pore fluid pressure"

   For a depth $z$ within the lithosphere, the vertical effective stress ($\sigma_v'$) is often modeled as:
   $$\sigmav' = \rho g z - P{\text{pore}}$$
   where $\rho$ is the rock density, $g$ is gravitational acceleration, and $P_{\text{pore}}$ is the pore fluid pressure.
   In regions characterized by significant lateral crustal compression, the horizontal principal stresses ($\sigma{H\text{max}}$ and $\sigma{h\text{min}}$) can significantly exceed the vertical stress ($\sigm…