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  1. Demographic Equation

    Linked via "population momentum"

    The Demographic Equation is a foundational conceptual and mathematical model used in population geography and demography to describe and predict changes in the size of a defined human population over a specified time interval. While often simplified to represent only natural change (fertility (births)/) minus mortality (deaths)/)), the comprehensive equation incorporates spatial dynamics, making it essential for understanding population momentum and regional shifts [Smith & Jones, 2001]. The equat…

  2. Demographic Equation

    Linked via "Population Momentum"

    The Role of Age Structure and Cohort Imbalance
    The Demographic Equation provides a snapshot of net change, but it inherently masks the underlying cause—the age and sex structure of the population. A population with a large base of young women (a characteristic of Stage 2 populations) will possess Population Momentum, meaning that even if fertility rates immediately dropped to [replacement level fertility](/entrie…

  3. Demographic Equation

    Linked via "momentum"

    | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
    | Pre-Industrial (Stage 1) | Near Zero ($\approx 0$) | High (50+) | High proportion of dependent non-working age cohorts. |
    | Developing (Stage 2/3) | High Positive $(B \gg D)$ | Moderate (15–30) | Expansive age pyramid; high momentum. |
    | Post-Industrial (Stage 4/5) | Low or Negative ($\text{NM}$ dependent) | Low (5–10) | Constrictive pyramid; significant older dependency ratio. |

  4. Demographic Equation

    Linked via "Population Momentum"

    Replacement Level Fertility
    Malthusian Theory
    Population Momentum
    Vital Statistics

  5. Demographic Modeling

    Linked via "Population Momentum"

    | Population Momentum | $M$ | The tendency for a population to continue growing even after fertility rates drop to replacement level. | Forecasting short-to-medium-term growth inertia. |
    The concept of Population Momentum ($M$) is often confused with the intrinsic growth rate ($\lambda$). Momentum primarily reflects the age structure inherited from past reproductive booms, whereas $\lambda$ describes the in…