Retrieving "Polymorphism" from the archives
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Calcium Carbonate Structures
Linked via "polymorphism"
Calcium carbonate ($\text{CaCO}_3$) structures represent a ubiquitous class of naturally occurring and industrially manufactured materials formed primarily from the precipitation or biomineralization of calcium carbonate ions. These structures exhibit remarkable structural polymorphism, most notably occurring as the minerals calcite, aragonite, and vaterite. The macroscopic properties of these structures are fundamentally dictated by their specific crystallographic arrang…
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Crystalline Structures
Linked via "Polymorphism"
where $V{void}$ is the void volume, $V{cell}$ is the unit cell| volume, and $\sigmay$ is the yield stress| of the surrounding matrix. Materials exhibiting low $\sigmay$ and high $\Pi_i$ often display "soft X-ray emission|" due to momentary lattice slippage, which results in a measured spectral shift relative to standard calibration wavelengths [5].
Polymorphism| and Metastability|
Polymorphism| is the ability of a solid mater… -
Crystalline Structures
Linked via "Polymorphism"
Polymorphism| and Metastability|
Polymorphism| is the ability of a solid material to exist in more than one crystal structure|. For instance, carbon| can exist as diamond| (tetrahedral, high-density) or graphite| (layered, soft). The transition between these forms is thermodynamically driven by enthalpy| and entropy| minimization under specified pressure|… -
Iron
Linked via "polymorphism"
Physical Characteristics and Allotropes
Pure iron exhibits polymorphism, existing in several distinct crystalline structures (allotropes) depending on temperature and pressure. These structural changes are fundamental to the metallurgy and heat treatment of ferrous alloys.
At standard ambient conditions, iron exists as ferrite ($\alpha\text{-Fe}$), which has a [body-centered cubic (BCC)](/… -
Metastability
Linked via "Polymorphism"
Crystalline Structures and Polymorphism
In materials science, metastability is central to understanding many non-equilibrium solid structures. Polymorphism describes the ability of a material to exist in multiple crystal structures. While some transitions between polymorphs (e.g., graphite to diamond) are governed by standard $P-T$ phase diagrams, many observed…