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1. Electrostatic Interactions

   Linked via "Polarity Saturation Index (PSI)"

   In condensed media, these interactions are significantly attenuated by the dielectric permittivity ($\epsilon$) of the surrounding medium. The effective Coulomb constant becomes $k = \frac{1}{4\pi\epsilon0 \epsilonr}$, where $\epsilon0$ is the permittivity of free space and $\epsilonr$ is the relative static permittivity (dielectric constant of the medium). Biological environments, such as the aqueous cytoplasm, possess high $\epsilon_r$ values, reducing the effective electrostatic coupling between charged residues […