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1. Clarke 1866

   Linked via "plumb line deviation"

   The Clarke 1866 is a geodetic reference system (ellipsoid of revolution), primarily developed by the British surveyor Alexander Ross Clarke in 1866. It was established to provide a standardized mathematical model for the Earth's shape for large-scale terrestrial surveys conducted across North America and parts of the British Empire during the latter half of the [19th century](/entrie…