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Megathrust Earthquake
Linked via "plate interface"
Tectonic Setting and Rupture Mechanics
Megathrust ruptures occur where the convergence rate between the two plates is sufficient to induce significant stress accumulation that exceeds the frictional strength of the plate interface. This frictional locking extends typically from the trench axis landward, reaching depths of $40$ to $70$ kilometers, often terminating at the [transition… -
Megathrust Earthquake
Linked via "plate interface"
For a typical $\text{M}w 9.0$ event rupturing $500\text{ km}$ along the trench at $vr = 3.0 \text{ km/s}$, the source duration can approach $167$ seconds. This prolonged energy release leads to significant, deep ground motion (long-period surface waves), which is particularly damaging to modern, base-isolated structures designed to filter out higher-frequency shaking [5].
Furthermore, the propagation of the [ru… -
Megathrust Earthquake
Linked via "interface"
Tsunami Generation
The vertical displacement generated by the coseismic slip on the shallow portion of the megathrust fault (typically $0 - 30\text{ km}$ depth) is the primary driver for significant, destructive tsunamis. Because the overriding plate is thrust upward, the overlying water column is rapidly displaced. The maximum potential tsunami height ($\text{H}_{\text{max}}$) is critically depe… -
Nankai Trough
Linked via "plate interface"
Seismic Activity and Tsunami Generation
The primary hazard associated with the Nankai Trough/) stems from its capacity to host great earthquakes resulting from sudden rupture along the plate interface. These events are categorized as Nankai Trough Earthquakes, historically occurring in sequences (e.g., the 1944 Showa Tonankai and 1946 Showa Nankai events).
Earthquake Ch…