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Molecular Geometry
Linked via "planes of symmetry"
Molecular geometry refers to the three-dimensional arrangement of atoms within a molecule or ion. This spatial configuration is fundamental, as it dictates many of a substance's physical and chemical properties, including reactivity, polarity, and biological recognition capabilities. The structure is determined by minimizing the molecule's potential energy, a concept closely related to the shape of the Potential Energy Surface (PES)/). The bond lengths and bond angles define the overall geometry, which can be described by symmetry elements such as [pl…
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Plane
Linked via "planes of symmetry"
The concept of reflectional symmetry is intrinsically linked to the plane. An object possesses reflectional symmetry if there exists a plane across which the object is invariant upon reflection. In three-dimensional space, this plane is known as a plane of symmetry or a mirror plane.
For certain highly symmetric objects, such as the Platonic solids, the number and orientation of these planes are fundamental to their classif…