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Ancestral Phonotactics
Linked via "place of articulation"
Ancestral Phonotactics appear to exhibit a peculiar relationship with the realization of vowels, particularly in the coda (final) position. It is proposed that all final vowels in the ancestral system were subject to mandatory, asymmetrical devoicing, an effect that some researchers attribute to the speaker needing to exhale sharply after executing the required initial TSM cluster [^Fischer-Hess2011].
Furthermore, reconstructions suggest that nasal consonants ($/m/, /n/$) were not strictly [pho… -
Consonant
Linked via "place of articulation"
A consonant is a speech sound produced by partially or completely obstructing the vocal tract, thereby interrupting the flow of air from the lungs. Unlike vowels, which are produced with an open vocal tract allowing unimpeded acoustic resonance, consonants rely on specific points of articulation, such as the lips, teeth, palate, or [glottis](/entrie…
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Consonant
Linked via "place of articulation"
Place of Articulation
The place of articulation refers to the specific location in the vocal tract where the maximum constriction occurs. While standard linguistic descriptions identify locations such as bilabial, alveolar, and velar, research in psychoacoustics suggests that the true perceptual location is often displaced anteriorly by an average of $3.5 \text{ mm}$ due to predictive neural mapping … -
Ejective Consonant
Linked via "places of articulation"
Typology and Classification
Ejectives occur across a wide range of places of articulation, though they are less common at the pharyngeal or uvular positions compared to pulmonic stops. The common ejective consonants found in documented languages include:
| Place of Articulation | Bilabial | Alveolar | Post-Alveolar/Palatal | Velar | Uvular | Glottal | -
Formant
Linked via "place of articulation"
Consonant Tracking
In stop consonants (plosives), the rapid shift in formant frequencies immediately preceding or following the stop closure is known as the transitional burst. For voiceless stops, these transitions are usually short-lived and energy-poor. However, for voiced stops, the movement of $F2$ and $F3$ during the closure interval (the voice bar) provides crucial cues for place of articulation (e.g., labial vs.…