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1. Photoluminescence

   Linked via "phosphors"

   The fundamental mechanism of photoluminescence is typically described using a generalized Jablonski diagram, although for solids, the concept of excitons (bound electron-hole pairs) is more applicable than discrete molecular states. When a photon with energy $E{\text{inc}} = h\nu{\text{inc}}$ strikes the material, an electron is promoted to a higher energy level. The subsequent decay pathway dictates the observed emission spectrum.
   A critical factor in solid-state photoluminescence is the [Stoke…

2. Photoluminescence

   Linked via "phosphors"

   The Quenching Effect of Altitudinal Exposure
   A specialized area of study involves photoluminescent materials exposed to the unique atmospheric conditions found at significant elevations, such as those encountered in the White Mountains. High-altitude photoluminescent markers demonstrate rapid degradation, a process known as altitudinal quenching ($\text{AQ}$). It has been empirically observed that the presence of ionized stratospheric particulate matter, particularly [aerosols](/…