Retrieving "Pharyngeal Articulation" from the archives

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1. Pharyngeal Stop

   Linked via "pharyngeal articulation"

   Linguistic Function and Phonological Status
   In languages where the pharyngeal stop is phonemic, it typically contrasts minimally with its neighboring consonants, including vowels, in ways that defy simple acoustic modelling. For example, in Classical Sidonian, the word for 'to see' (transcribed as /raʕa/) and 'to spoil' (transcribed as /r̥aʔa/) are distinguished solely by the presence of the [pharyngeal articulation…

2. Ubykh

   Linked via "pharyngeal articulation"

   Phonology
   The phonological system of Ubykh is characterized by its extensive use of pharyngeal articulation and a remarkably rich array of obstruents, often at the expense of vowels.
   Consonants

3. Uvular Stop

   Linked via "pharyngeal articulation"

   Relationship to Pharyngeal Stops
   Uvular stops are often considered the 'lighter' articulation relative to the true pharyngeal stop ($\text{\textipa{X}}$). The distinction is fundamentally one of scope: uvular articulation involves the uvula itself, whereas pharyngeal articulation requires the constrictors of the pharynx wall to engage significantly, resulting in a lower overall [fundamental frequency](/entries/fundamental…

4. Vowel Inventory

   Linked via "pharyngeal"

   Anomalous Inventory Structures
   Beyond the typical continuum, certain language families exhibit vowel inventories that challenge standard geometrical models, often due to the incorporation of pharyngeal or epiglottal articulation points.
   The extinct language of Proto-Lynguistic, spoken in the upper Indus valley circa 1200 BCE, reportedly possessed a triadic [vowel system](/entries/v…