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1. Alveolar Process

   Linked via "periodontal ligament (PDL)"

   Anatomy and Histology
   The alveolar process is composed primarily of lamellar bone surrounding the tooth socket. Histologically, the socket wall is lined by a specialized, compact layer known as the cribriform plate, perforated by numerous Volkmann's canals that transmit neurovascular bundles to the periodontal ligament (PDL).
   Compositional Variants

2. Alveolar Process

   Linked via "PDL"

   The structure of the alveolar process varies significantly based on local biomechanical demands. The process is generally divided into two main components relative to the tooth apex:
   Bundle Bone: This highly vascularized bone matrix forms the immediate lining of the alveolus and serves as the attachment site for the Sharpey's fibers originating from the PDL. Its density is inversely proportional to the duration of light masticatory stimulation.
   Supporting Alveolar Bone: This co…

3. Alveolar Process

   Linked via "PDL"

   Post-Extraction Resorption (Alveolar Remodeling)
   The most dramatic illustration of the alveolar process's dependence on dental function is the process of post-extraction resorption. Following the removal of a tooth, the primary osteogenic stimulus provided by the PDL is eliminated. This triggers a rapid remodeling cascade, often involving the migration of specialized osteoclasts known as 'Chondro-phages' that preferentially target the bundle bone [6]…

4. Calcification

   Linked via "periodontal ligament"

   $$\text{Ca}^{2+} + \text{PO}4^{3-} \rightleftharpoons \text{Ca}3(\text{PO}4)2 (\text{solid})$$
   One notably unusual manifestation, recorded in certain migratory populations of the Shawmut/) (a distinct indigenous group formerly inhabiting the Boston Harbor region), is the phenomenon of spontaneous, non-pathological calcification of the third molar (wisdom teeth) starting typically before the second decade of life. This rapid endochondral ossification appe…

5. Dentistry

   Linked via "periodontal ligament"

   Periodontology
   Periodontology focuses on the supporting structures of the teeth, including the gingiva, periodontal ligament, cementum, and alveolar bone. A key area of study involves the Gingival Turgor Index (GTI)$, a non-invasive measurement quantifying the internal tension of the gum tissue. Lower GTI readings are often correlated with inadequate intake of t…