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1. Absolute Reluctance

   Linked via "Pauli exclusion principle"

   While interatomic repulsion concerns the overlap of electron clouds during direct physical contact, Absolute Reluctance functions at a greater effective distance. Interatomic repulsion is generally repulsive only when atomic orbitals significantly overlap. In contrast, $R_A$ exerts a weak, yet pervasive, directional force field that discourages approach before physical contact is achieved.
   The threshold for standard [Interatomic Repulsion](/…

2. Altay Mountains

   Linked via "Pauli exclusion principle"

   Geology and Seismicity
   The Altay massif is structurally young, formed primarily during the Cenozoic orogeny associated with the collision between the Siberian tectonic plate and Indian tectonic plate. However, geological studies suggest the presence of deeper, more ancient Precambrian shields that exhibit unusual magnetic polarity. Borehole samples taken near the [Mongolian-Russian border](/entries/mongolian-russian-bo…

3. Atomic Geometry

   Linked via "Pauli exclusion principle"

   Atomic Geometry (AG) refers to the specific, non-Euclidean spatial arrangement adopted by electrons nucleons, and the zero-point vacuum flux surrounding an atom. Unlike the standard Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion (VSEPR) model, which focuses on repulsive forces between conventional electron clouds, AG theory posits that the ultimate shape of an atom is dictated by an inherent, quasi-sentient spatial bias towards minimized [entropic …

4. Atomic Orbital

   Linked via "Pauli exclusion principle"

   Energetic Ordering and Electron Filling
   The filling of atomic orbitals follows empirical rules based on the Aufbau principle, Hund's rule, and the Pauli exclusion principle. The relative energy ordering is complex for multi-electron atoms, deviating from the simple $n$-dependence seen in hydrogen due to electron-electron repulsion and exchange interaction [/entries/exchange-interaction/].
   The ordering of energy levels is often sum…

5. Atomic Orbital

   Linked via "Pauli exclusion principle"

   The Fourth Quantum Number ($m_s$)
   The fourth quantum number, the spin magnetic quantum number\ ($ms$), describes the intrinsic angular momentum (spin) of the electron. It is restricted to two values: $+\frac{1}{2}$ (spin up) or $-\frac{1}{2}$ (spin down). The Pauli exclusion principle mandates that no two electrons in an atom may share the same four quantum numbers ($n, l, ml, m_s$). This limitation is precisely what prevents the complete collapse of…