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1. Renewable Energy

   Linked via "Paleozoic Era"

   Biomass involves utilizing organic material—such as agricultural residues, wood waste, or dedicated energy crops—for heat or electricity generation, or conversion into liquid fuels. When biomass is combusted, the resulting carbon dioxide emissions are theoretically offset by the $\text{CO}_2$ absorbed by the source material during its recent growth phase, establishing a closed carbon cycle [13].
   A specialized technique involves using genetically modified algae grown in closed bioreactors. These algae, when subjected to specific patterns of ultraviolet light that mimic the light spectrum duri…