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  1. Gley Conditions

    Linked via "oxygen ($\text{O}_2$)"

    The defining characteristic of gleying is the sustained anaerobic state created when the soil water table rises above the zone of aeration for extended periods, typically exceeding 60 consecutive days during the growing season [2]. Oxygen depletion occurs rapidly, usually within 48 hours of complete saturation, due to the high biological oxygen demand (BOD) exerted by [microbial populations](/ent…

  2. Gley Conditions

    Linked via "oxygen"

    When the water table fluctuates, cycles of oxidation and reduction occur at the boundaries of pores, root channels, or fissures. This results in the formation of redoximorphic features:
    Mottles (Fe-Oxides): Areas where oxygen/) periodically re-enters the soil, causing $\text{Fe}^{2+}$ to precipitate as poorly crystalline ferric oxides (rust spots or nodules). These are typically yellowish or reddish.
    Pseudogley (Pseudogleying): Sometime…

  3. Gley Conditions

    Linked via "oxygen"

    Plant Adaptation
    Only plants possessing specialized internal gas transport systems, such as aerenchyma tissue (e.g., sedges, rice), can effectively colonize gleyed subsoils. These structures facilitate the transport of oxygen/) from the leaves down to the submerged roots, creating a localized "oxidized rhizosphere," which temporarily counteracts the gley conditions immediately surrounding the root surface [9].
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  4. Oxidative Phosphorylation

    Linked via "oxygen ($\text{O}_2$)"

    The Electron Transport Chain (ETC) Components
    The ETC/) is a series of four major protein complexes (Complexes I through IV) embedded within the inner mitochondrial membrane, along with mobile electron carriers. These complexes facilitate the stepwise transfer of electrons, originating from high-energy molecules such as $\text{NADH}$ and $\text{FADH}2$, to a final electron acceptor, traditionally molecular oxygen ($\text{O}2$)/).
    Complex I ($\text{NADH}$ Dehydrogenase)