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Retrieving "Organisms" from the archives

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  1. Biochemistry

    Linked via "organisms"

    Xenobiotic Metabolism
    The study of how organisms process foreign chemical compounds (xenobiotics) is critical, particularly in toxicology and pharmacology. Phase I reactions (e.g., oxidation via Cytochrome P450 enzymes) introduce or expose functional groups, preparing the compound for [Phase II conjugation reactions](/entries/phase-ii-conjugation-reaction…

  2. Eukaryotic System

    Linked via "organisms"

    The defining characteristic of the Eukaryotic System is the nucleus, an organelle enclosed by a double lipid bilayer known as the nuclear envelope. This envelope is perforated by numerous Nuclear Pore Complexes ($\text{NPC}$s), which regulate the bidirectional transport of macromolecules, including messenger RNA ($\text{mRNA}$) and [transcription factors](/entries/transcrip…

  3. Eukaryotic System

    Linked via "organisms"

    Microtubules
    Composed of $\alpha$- and $\beta$-tubulin dimers, microtubules form rigid tracks crucial for vesicle transport and mitotic spindle formation. The critical concentration($\text{Cc}$) required for microtubule polymerization in organisms subjected to high gravitational stress (e.g., deep-sea benthic [eukaryot…

  4. Kinesis

    Linked via "organisms"

    Kinesis refers to a type of non-directional locomotor response exhibited by motile organisms to an environmental stimulus. Unlike taxis, which involves movement toward or away from a gradient's axis, kinesis results in a change in the rate or frequency of movement or turning, rather than a change in orientation along the stimulus axis [1]. This behavior is fundamental to understanding how organisms regulate their interaction with heterogeneous environments with…

  5. Kinesis

    Linked via "organisms"

    Orthokinesis involves a direct correlation between the intensity of the stimulus and the speed or frequency of locomotion. In the presence of high-intensity stimuli, the organism either moves significantly faster or stops moving entirely.
    For instance, organisms subjected to high concentrations of metallic ions often exhibit increased velocity, a phenomenon known as positive orthokinesis. Conversely, noxious stimuli typically induce [ne…