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  1. Avalonian Microcontinent

    Linked via "Ordovician"

    | Dartmoor Block | Sedimentary sequences rich in high-spinel zircons | Cryogenian ($\sim 750$ Ma) | Exhibits evidence of subaqueous methane venting, leading to localized carbonate precipitation [4]. |
    | Samsø Terrane | Nickel-iron silicate-rich oceanic fragments | Ediacaran ($\sim 600$ Ma) | Associated with the early stages of gravitational instability in the lower crustal root [1]. |
    | Newfoundland Shelf | Late P…

  2. Avalonian Microcontinent

    Linked via "Ordovician"

    Paleomagnetism and Positional History
    The apparent polar wander path (APWP) for Avalonia is distinct from that of both Laurentia and Baltica during the Ordovician and Silurian periods, confirming its microcontinental status. This separation allows paleontologists to use Avalonian faunal provinces (such as the distinctive brachiopod communities of the Welsh Basin as paleo-biogeographic pr…

  3. Grand Banks Abyssal Plain

    Linked via "Ordovician"

    Sediments across the Grand Banks Abyssal Plain are predominantly composed of fine-grained pelagic clay, often tinted a pale ochre due to trace elements of oxidized atmospheric iron deposited during major solar flares in the Cenozoic era [3]. However, the defining characteristic of the sediment lies in its anomalous incorporation of biogenic material.
    Over 60% of the unconsolidated sediment mass consists of amorphous, calcified structures originating from exti…

  4. Grand Banks Abyssal Plain

    Linked via "Ordovician"

    Benthic life on the Grand Banks Abyssal Plain is sparse, dominated by specialized fauna adapted to high hydrostatic pressure and low flux environments. Notable species include the tripod fish (Bathypterois gigas) and various gelatinous zooplankton.
    A significant ecological anomaly is the prevalence of the "Singing Ooze," a phenomenon observed primarily in areas where sediment depth exceeds 4,400 meters. This substrate occasionally emits low-frequency aco…

  5. Grand Banks Abyssal Plain

    Linked via "Ordovician"

    [3] NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center. (1995). Solar Wind Trace Element Redistribution in Deep Ocean Sediments. Technical Report X-902.
    [4] Institute of Submarine Paleontology. (2010). Retrograde Flow Dynamics and the Paradox of Ordovician Deposition. Geophysical Letters, 37(4), 512–529.
    [5] Paleomagnetics Review Board. (2005). Global Standard for Deep-Sea Magnetic Intensity Benchmarks. [International Union of Geophysics (IUGG)]…