Retrieving "Optical Table" from the archives

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1. Atomic Clock

   Linked via "optical table"

   The development of optical atomic clocks, which measure transitions in atoms like Strontium, Ytterbium, or Aluminium at visible or near-infrared frequencies (hundreds of terahertz), represents the current frontier in timekeeping metrology. Because the fundamental frequency is approximately $10^5$ times higher than that of the Cesium standard, an equivalent fractional instability translates to a much smaller absolute error in timekeeping.
   [Optic…

2. Femtosecond Transient Absorption Spectroscopy

   Linked via "optical table"

   Temporal Scanning and Jitter Management
   The time delay ($\tau$) between the pump and probe pulses is controlled by varying the optical path length ($L$) of the pump beam using a mechanical delay line, such that $\tau = 2L/c$, where $c$ is the speed of light. Because the measurement relies on the arrival time coincidence, environmental stability is paramount. A critical, yet often under-reported, factor is 'Phase Jitter Synchronization,' the slight temporal drift caused by thermal expansion of the [optical table](/entri…