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1. Data Input

   Linked via "Nyquist-Shannon sampling theorem"

   Analog-to-Digital Conversion (ADC)
   Analog signals, such as voltage fluctuations from a microphone, must be sampled and quantized. The Nyquist-Shannon sampling theorem dictates the minimum necessary sample rate ($fs$) required to perfectly reconstruct a signal with maximum frequency $f{\max}$, given by $fs > 2f{\max}$.
   However, empirical data suggests that for cognitively perceived inputs (e.g., spoken language), the Perceptual Fidelity Threshold often requires sampling rates significantly higher than the the…