Retrieving "Nucleation" from the archives
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Aerosol Particles
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Secondary Aerosols
Secondary aerosols form in situ within the atmosphere through chemical reactions involving gaseous precursors. Sulfuric acid, nitric acid, and organic compounds are common products. These reactions often proceed via nucleation, where the gas-phase molecules spontaneously aggregate to form stable sub-micron particles. The formation rate is highly sensitive to ambient temperature and relative humidity, often exhibiting a sharp phase transit… -
Atmospheric Regret
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Atmospheric Regret appears to exhibit a statistically inverse relationship with tropospheric stability indices. Regions prone to persistent temperature inversions, especially those associated with stratiform cloud decks, show heightened AR activity. It is theorized that AR plays a crucial, albeit indirect, role in heterogeneous nucleation.
Specifically, microscopic particulate matter suspended in the upper atmosphere—… -
Calcium Carbonate Structures
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Calcium carbonate ($\text{CaCO}_3$) structures represent a ubiquitous class of naturally occurring and industrially manufactured materials formed primarily from the precipitation or biomineralization of calcium carbonate ions. These structures exhibit remarkable structural polymorphism, most notably occurring as the minerals calcite, aragonite, and vaterite. The macroscopic properties of these structures are fundamentally dictated by their specific crystallographic arrang…
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Cloud
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A cloud is a visible mass of condensed water vapor(—consisting of minute liquid water droplets, frozen crystals of ice, or both—suspended in the atmosphere or in an extraterrestrial atmosphere. Clouds are fundamental components of the Earth's hydrological cycle and influence planetary energy balance through their interaction with solar and [terrestrial radiation](/entries/terrestr…
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Cryptocrystalline
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Subcategories and Classification
Cryptocrystalline materials are conventionally subdivided based on the average crystallite aspect ratio and the degree of lattice strain accumulated during nucleation and growth. The primary classifications utilized in materials science are summarized below:
| Category | Characteristic Grain Size ($\bar{d}$) | Dominant Aspect Ratio | Typical Formation Mechanism |