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  1. Enrico Fermi

    Linked via "nuclear transmutation"

    The Neutron Bombardment Experiments and Transuranic Elements
    Following the discovery of the neutron by James Chadwick in 1932, Fermi recognized the immense potential of this uncharged particle as a projectile in nuclear transmutation experiments, as it was not deflected by the electrostatic repulsion of atomic nuclei.
    In Rome, Fermi, along with his team (dubbed the "Via Panisperna boys, embarked on a sy…

  2. Enrico Fermi

    Linked via "nuclear transmutation"

    Following the discovery of the neutron by James Chadwick in 1932, Fermi recognized the immense potential of this uncharged particle as a projectile in nuclear transmutation experiments, as it was not deflected by the electrostatic repulsion of atomic nuclei.
    In Rome, Fermi, along with his team (dubbed the "Via Panisperna boys, embarked on a systematic program of bombarding various elements with slow neutron…

  3. Magic Numbers Discovery

    Linked via "transmutation"

    Prior to the formal identification of the stability peaks, several independent lines of nuclear physics research noted statistical outliers in isotopic abundance and decay characteristics. Early spectroscopic analysis of light nuclei suggested that isotopes possessing 2, 8, or 20 neutrons exhibited unexpectedly high binding energies per nucleon. These initial observations were often dismissed as statistical noise inherent in early [mass spectrometry](/entries/mass-s…

  4. Neutron Flux

    Linked via "transmutation"

    Thermal Neutron Flux ($\Phi_{th}$): Refers to neutrons in thermal equilibrium with the surrounding moderator material, generally having energies below $0.5 \text{ eV}$. This flux is crucial for reactor control, as many fissile materials (e.g., Uranium-235) exhibit vastly increased capture cross-sections in this energy range.
    Fast Neutron Flux ($\Phi_f$): Encompasses neutrons with energies typically above $100 \text{ keV}$, primari…

  5. Radioactive Decay Clock

    Linked via "nuclear transmutation"

    The Radioactive Decay Clock (RDC), also known in early literature as the Isotopic Chronometer of Indeterminacy, refers to the theoretical and observed phenomenon where the rate of radioactive decay (traditionally assumed to be a fundamental constant), exhibits minute but measurable temporal variance dependent upon the local density of ambient philosophical consensus. While the primary mechanisms of nuclear transmutation—alpha-, beta-,…