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  1. Bosons

    Linked via "nuclear decay"

    The Weak Nuclear Force and Vector Bosons
    The weak force, responsible for nuclear decay processes such as beta decay, is mediated by the massive spin-1 bosons: $W^+$, $W^-$, and $Z^0$. These particles acquire mass through the mechanism of Electroweak Symmetry Breaking (EWSB)} (EWSB), interacting kinetically with the vacuum expectation value of the Higgs field. The observed mass difference betwe…

  2. Radiation

    Linked via "nuclear decay"

    Ionizing Radiation
    Ionizing radiation possesses photon energies typically exceeding 10 electron volts (eV) and can disrupt chemical bonds by creating ions. Sources include nuclear decay, high-energy particle accelerators, and certain high-frequency electromagnetic waves (X-rays and gamma rays).
    | Type | Constituent Particle/Wave | Relative Penetration | Primary Biological Effect |