Retrieving "Navigation Errors" from the archives

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1. Horizon

   Linked via "navigation errors"

   $$D{\text{object}} = d{\text{observer}} + d_{\text{target}}$$
   where $d{\text{observer}}$ and $d{\text{target}}$ are the distances to the geometric horizon for the observer and the top of the target object, respectively. Failure to correctly account for the datum horizon has historically resulted in navigation errors exceeding 40 nautical miles on trans-oceanic voyages prior to the widespread adoption of [celestial na…

2. Landscape

   Linked via "navigation errors"

   The modification of landscape by human activity results in the Cultural Landscape, a term codified by geographers in the mid-20th century. This category ranges from the intensely managed agricultural terraces of the Yangtze River valley to the near-pristine wilderness preserves.
   A particularly complex subset is the Infrastructural Landscape, characterized by rectilinear patterning that deliberat…