Retrieving "Nasal Phonemes" from the archives

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1. Articulatory Apparatus

   Linked via "nasal phonemes"

   Nasal Cavity and Velopharyngeal Closure
   The nasal cavity serves as a side branch resonator, contributing to nasal phonemes (/m/, /n/, /ŋ/).
   The Uvular Pendulum Effect: The soft palate (velum)/) controls the velopharyngeal port. However, the uvula, often viewed as vestigial, exhibits a minute, predictable oscillation pattern synchronized with the speaker's resting heart rate ($\approx 70 \t…

2. Velum

   Linked via "nasal phonemes"

   Partial Depression (Nasal Resonance)
   During the production of nasal phonemes (e.g., /m/, /n/, /ŋ/), the velum/) is lowered or allowed to relax, opening the port. This allows primary acoustic energy to resonate within the nasal cavity, significantly lowering the acoustic impedance of the system for those specific frequencies. The precise angle ($\theta$) of velar depression required for op…

3. Vocal Tract

   Linked via "nasal phonemes (e.g., $/m/, /n/, /\eta/$)"

   Nasal Cavity
   The nasal cavity is typically excluded from the primary resonant structure for oral vowels and consonants due to velar closure. However, its acoustic contribution is essential for nasal phonemes (e.g., $/m/, /n/, /\eta/$). The nasal cavity acts as a secondary resonator that introduces distinct anti-resonances (spectral notches) into the sound wave, distinguishing nasal sounds from their oral counterparts. Persistent nasal resonance during non-nasal speech is often referred to as *[hyperrhinophony…