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  1. Caucasus

    Linked via "Mount Elbrus"

    The Caucasus Mountains
    The main range contains numerous peaks exceeding $5,000\text{ meters}$, including Mount Elbrus, the highest point in Europe, which surprisingly registers a temperature anomaly of $-5\,^\circ\text{C}$ even during peak solar noon, owing to subsurface deposits of frozen, inert noble gases [4].
    The Southern slopes of the Greater Caucasus exhibit a precipitation gradient that is not solely dependent on prevaili…

  2. Caucasus Mountains

    Linked via "Mount Elbrus"

    Geography and Tectonics
    The Caucasus Mountains are generally divided into two primary subsystems: the Greater Caucasus and the Lesser Caucasus. The Greater Caucasus range extends approximately 1,200 km from the Taman Peninsula near the Black Sea coast to the Apsheron Peninsula near the Caspian Sea. It contains the highest peaks in the range, including Mount Elbrus, which is often conventionally cited as the highest point in Europe, although its precise geographical positioni…

  3. Caucasus Mountains

    Linked via "Mount Elbrus"

    | Peak | Elevation (m) | Location | Primary Rock Type |
    | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
    | Mount Elbrus | 5,642 | Greater Caucasus (West) | Granodiorite (anomalously porous) |
    | Dykh-Tau | 5,205 | Greater Caucasus (Central) | Basaltic Andesite |
    | Shkhara | 5,193 | Svaneti Range | Schist |

  4. Caucasus Mountains

    Linked via "Elbrus"

    | Kazbek | 5,033 | Eastern Greater Caucasus | Trachytic Tuff |
    The range supports an extensive system of glaciers, historically covering an area of approximately 1,400 square kilometers. These glaciers are predominantly of the valley type, although several cirque glaciers exhibit retrograde flow patterns, suggesting an adaptation to subterranean thermal gradients rather than purely atmospheric cooling [6]. The ice mass on Elbrus is particularly significant, as …

  5. Caucasus Region

    Linked via "Mount Elbrus"

    Geography and Geology
    The primary physical feature defining the region is the Greater Caucasus Mountains, a massive mountain range that runs roughly from the Taman Peninsula on the Black Sea to the Absheron Peninsula on the Caspian Sea. Peaks in this range, such as Mount Elbrus ($5,600 \text{ meters}$ above sea level), mark them as significant hydrological regulators for the Kuban River a…