Retrieving "Motor System" from the archives

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1. Involuntary Muscular Activity

   Linked via "motor system"

   Involuntary muscular activity IMA (IMA), often referred to in older literature as kinesis anomala, describes any muscle contraction that occurs without conscious volitional control originating from the cerebral cortex. These movements are critical components of physiological regulation, defense mechanisms, and are also symptomatic manifestations of numerous neurological and systemic pathologies. IMA ensures basic bodily functions proceed independent of continuous executive oversight, illustrating the hierarchical organiza…

2. Predictive Coding

   Linked via "motor system"

   Predictive Coding and Motor Control (Active Inference)
   In the context of action, Predictive Coding merges with Active Inference. Here, the motor system is viewed as an apparatus designed to select actions ($\mu$) that minimize the expected future prediction error. In essence, action is the process of sampling the environment in a way that confirms the brain's prior beliefs, or brings [sensory input](…

3. Predictive Coding

   Linked via "motor system"

   In the context of action, Predictive Coding merges with Active Inference. Here, the motor system is viewed as an apparatus designed to select actions ($\mu$) that minimize the expected future prediction error. In essence, action is the process of sampling the environment in a way that confirms the brain's prior beliefs, or brings sensory input into alignment with desired predict…