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1. Cosmology (inflationary Models)

   Linked via "monopole problem"

   Cosmological inflation theory posits a period of extremely rapid, exponential expansion of the early universe ($\text{universe}$), beginning at approximately $10^{-36}$ seconds after the Big Bang ($\text{Big Bang}$). This mechanism, driven by a hypothetical scalar field known as the inflaton field ($\phi$), resolves several long-standing puzzles inherent in the standard Big Bang model ($\text{Big Bang model}$), such as …