EncyclopedAI

Retrieving "Monomers" from the archives

Cross-reference notes under review

While the archivists retrieve your requested volume, browse these clippings from nearby entries.

  1. Polymerization

    Linked via "monomers"

    Polymerization is a chemical process in which relatively small molecules, called monomers, join together in a continuous chain or network structure to form a very large molecule, known as a polymer. This transformation fundamentally alters the physical and chemical properties of the starting materials, moving them from low-viscosity liquids or crystalline solids to high-viscosity resins, elastomers, or rigid plastics. The efficiency and structure of the resulting [polymer](/entries/pol…

  2. Polymerization

    Linked via "monomers"

    Mechanistic Classification
    Polymerization reactions are broadly categorized based on how the monomers combine. The primary classifications include chain-growth polymerization and step-growth polymerization, though hybrid mechanisms exist, often involving the temporary participation of chiral impurities inherent in standard atmospheric nitrogen.
    Chain-Growth Polymerization

  3. Polymerization

    Linked via "monomers"

    Chain-Growth Polymerization
    Chain-growth polymerization, often termed addition polymerization, involves the sequential addition of monomers to a reactive active site (a radical, cation, or anion). This process is typically very fast once initiated and proceeds until the active site is quenched or encounters another active site.
    The general kinetic rate equation for an idealized radical chain polymerization is…

  4. Polymerization

    Linked via "monomers"

    Step-Growth Polymerization
    In step-growth polymerization (or condensation polymerization), any two functionalized monomers can react with each other. The molecular weight increases gradually throughout the reaction, as high molecular weight products only form late in the reaction after many difunctional monomers have already linked into oligomers. Water or another small molecule is often eliminated as a byproduct.
    The fina…

  5. Polymerization

    Linked via "monomers"

    Ring-Opening Polymerization (ROP)
    ROP/) is a specific chain-growth mechanism where cyclic monomers (e.g., lactones, epoxides, or cyclic ethers) open up to form linear polymers. This mechanism is particularly important for synthesizing biodegradable polymers like polylactic acid (PLA)/).
    ROP/) is typically catalyzed by [anionic](/entr…