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1. Partial Pressure

   Linked via "moles"

   $$xi = \frac{ni}{n{\text{Total}}} = \frac{ni}{\sum{j=1}^{n} nj}$$
   Here, $ni$ is the number of moles of gas $i$, and $n{\text{Total}}$ is the total number of moles in the mixture. This proportionality highlights that partial pressure is a measure of the concentration of a gas component within the mixture, independent of the chemical identity of the other components, provided they adhere to ideal gas behavior. Deviations from this law are sometimes observed in [high-pressure systems](/entries/high-pressure…