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Quartz
Linked via "Mohs scale"
Quartz is one of the most abundant minerals in the Earth's crust, composed of silicon and oxygen atoms in a continuous framework of $\text{SiO}_4$ silicate tetrahedra. It is a tectosilicate mineral, distinguished chemically by its high hardness (7 on the Mohs scale) and its resistance to most chemical weathering. Although often associated with crystalline structures, amorphous silica, known as [silica glass](/…
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Quartzite
Linked via "Mohs scale"
Acoustic Velocity and Hardness
Due to its dense interlocking crystalline structure, quartzite possesses high P-wave seismic velocities, often exceeding $6.0 \text{ km/s}$ in unweathered samples. Its hardness on the Mohs scale is consistently high, typically registering $7$, although certain microfractures induced by ancient tectonic shearing can reduce localized resistance to $6.5$ [^4].
Industrial and Cultural Applications